The core of the issue lies in a matter of definition and fair labeling. Proponents of the Act argue that the use of terms such as “almond milk” or “oat milk” is a direct violation of FDA standards of identity, which reserve the term “milk” exclusively for a product derived from a lactating animal. They emphasize that plant-based drinks lack the essential nutrients found in dairy milk, and that this mislabeling can have serious implications for consumer nutrition and public health. This perspective highlights the need for clear, accurate labeling across the food and beverage landscape.

From the perspective of the dairy industry, the issue is also economic. The rapid growth of plant-based alternatives has created stiff competition, and the use of dairy terminology is seen as a way for these products to unfairly capitalize on the established reputation and nutritional value of milk. By ensuring a level playing field, the Dairy Pride Act seeks to protect the livelihood of dairy farmers and the stability of the entire dairy supply chain, from milk production to retail.

However, the debate isn’t without its critics. Opponents of the Act, including many plant-based food companies and their supporters, argue that consumers are not confused by the current labels. They contend that terms like “soy milk” have been in use for decades and that the product packaging and branding clearly distinguish them from conventional dairy products. The argument also touches on free speech and consumer choice, suggesting that a ban on these terms would be an overreach of regulatory power.